المشاريع البحثية العلمية

الرجوع

Development of CI- Scavenger Filter/Membrane for the reduction of Chlorine Corrosion in Ultra-pure Water Production System Including an Electrodeionization Unit

مجال مشروع البحث–الرئيسي: العلوم الهندسية

مجال مشروع البحث–الثانوي: الهندسة الكيميائية

المؤسسة العلمية: جامعة الطفيلة التقنية

المحافظة: الطفيلة

قيمة الدعم: د.أ 11754.6

سنة الدعم: 2011

حالة المشروع: منتهي مع النشر

البحث منشور: (1) Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Al-Shamaileh, E. M., Al-Whoosh, K., Al-Zorqan, R., Zanoon, R., Rawajfeh, K., & Al-Jufout, S. (2013). Adsorption desalination of chloride ions on composite natural–synthetic materials: An approach for the reduction of chlorine corrosion in electrodeionization units. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 19(6), 1895-1902. (2) Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Alrawashdeh, A. I., Aldawdeyah, A., Hassan, S., & Qarqouda, R. (2013). Enhancement effect of phosphate and silicate on water defluoridation by calcined gypsum. Advances in environmental research, 2(1), 35-49. (3) Al-Rawajfeh, Aiman & Al-Qawabeha, Ubeidulla. (2013). Corrosion Inhibition by Surface Treatment A Green Approach. 10.1201/b14703-11. (4) Etawi, H., Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Al-Ma'abreh, A., Al-Amaireh, M. N., Alfwaeer, R. N., Al-Hawamdeh, S., ... & Ababneh, S. A. (2018). Efficiency and mechanism of water defluoridation by mixtures of Jordanian zeolite, pozzolana, feldspar, and Tripoli. Desalination and Water Treatment, 125, 75-80. 5) Al-Rawajfeh, A. E. (2012). Hybrid salts precipitation-nanofiltration pretreatment of MSF and RO seawater desalination feed. Membrane Water Treatment, 3(4), 253-266. (6) Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., & Araj, K. (2013). Treatment of wastewater to meet the requirements for cooling water systems in Jordan’s nuclear plants. Chemical and Process Engineering, 34(2).

ملخص عن مشروع البحث: 1. The release of chlorine in the electrodeionization (EDI) unit causes corrosion in the EDI unit, damaging ion exchange membranes and creating a safety risk for the workers. In this work, adsorption desalination of Cl− ions on low-cost composite synthetic–natural Jordanian materials were investigated as an approach to prevent the release of corrosive chlorine gas at the positive electrode. The percentage removal reaches 25% at 25 min shaking time to 55% at 120 min, in a single batch experiment. The values of ΔH0, ΔS0, and ΔG0 indicate the favorability of physisorption. Zeolite and Pozzolana represent potential adsorbents of chloride. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1226086X13000981 2. Research work on removal of fluoride from water, referred to as water defluoridation, has resulted into the development of a number of technologies over the years but they suffer from either cost or efficiency drawbacks. In this work, enhancement effects of phosphate and silicate on defluoridation of water by low-cost Plaster of Paris (calcined gypsum) were studied. To our knowledge, the influence of silicate on defluoridation was not reported. It was claimed, that the presence of some ions in the treated water samples, was decreasing the fluoride removal since these ions compete the fluoride ions on occupying the available adsorption sites, however, phosphate and silicate ions, from its sodium slats, have enhanced the fluoride % removal, hence, precipitation of calcium-fluoro compounds of these ions can be suggested. Percentage removal of F− by neat Plaster is 48%, the electrical conductance (EC) curve shows the typical curve of Plaster setting which begins at 20 min and finished at 30 min. The addition of phosphate and silicate ions enhances the removal of fluoride to high extent > 90%. Thermodynamics parameters showed spontaneous fluoride removal by neat Plaster and Plaster-silicate system. The percentage removal with time showed second-order reaction kinetics. https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201315541633871.page 3.S1 INTRODUCTION Surface treatment is an important aspect of all manufacturing processes. Surfaces and their proper-ties are as important as the bulk properties. Therefore, the surface produced should be free of cracks and residual stresses. Furthermore, it should not be subjected to undesirable metallurgical changes [1]. Surface treatment has been used to impart certain physical and mechanical properties, such as appearance, corrosion, friction, wear, and fatigue resistance. Several techniques are available for modifying surfaces, including mechanical working (such as grinding, honing, lapping, etc.), coat-ing, heat treatment, deposition, and plating [2]. Widely used methods of finishing treatment usually do not provide the optimum quality of the surface. However, green surface plastic deformation (SPD) methods such as diamond pressing (DP), roller burnishing (RB), and shot peening (SP) are used. Surface treatment has been proven to be the method of choice because it is simple and has no environmental impact. Mehra and Soni [3] investigated the deterioration of cast iron with time in various aqueous salt solutions. In order to minimize the corrosion problem in a water supply system, it is important to identify the mechanism of corrosion rate (CR) of ions with cast iron and the extent to which they contribute to corrosion in potable water, as well as their threshold limiting values to which the CR should be minimized in order to provide excellent corrosion resistance. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261879510_Corrosion_Inhibition_by_Surface_Treatment_A_Green_Approach 4.In this work, the effect of hybrid salts precipitation-nanofiltration (SP-NF) process on the scale deposits in thermal and membrane desalination processes has been studied. The analysis was carried out to study the scale formation from the Arabian Gulf seawater in MSF and RO reference processes by changing the percentage of pretreatment from 0 to 100%. Four different SP-NF configurations were suggested. A targeted Top Brine Temperature (TBT) of 130∘C may be achieved if 30% portion is pretreated by SP and/or NF processes. As a rule of thumb, each 1% pretreatment portion increases the reference TBT of 115∘C by0.6∘C. For both MSF and RO, parallel pretreatment of certain percentage of the feed by SP and the rest by NF, showed the lowest scale values. The case showed the best values for sulfate scale prevention and the highest values of increasing the monovalent ions relative to the divalent scale forming ions. Sulfate scale is significant in MSF process while carbonate scale is significant in RO. Salt precipitation was suggested because it is less costly than nanofiltration, but nanofiltration was used here because it is efficient in sulfate ions removal. https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201215541084936.page 5.Scaling and corrosion associated with the use of natural hard water in cooling towers during recirculation pose great problems from both economical and technical points of view, such as decreased system efficiency and increased frequency of chemical cleaning. Treated municipal wastewater (MWW) is a promising alternative to freshwater as power plant cooling system makeup water, especially in arid regions. In this work, hybrid systems of salt precipitation (SP), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) were investigated, as potential pretreatment processes for wastewater reuse as cooling water in the planned Jordan nuclear power plants. The As-Samra wastewater was used to calculate the potential of carbonate and sulfate scale formation. The results were compared to scale potentials from Palo Verde wastewater. Four cases were investigated; SP, NF, SP-RO and NF-RO. The SP pretreatment cases showed the highest monovalent to divalent ratio because of a high removal of Ca and Mg and addition of Na from the chemicals of the SP step. The NF pretreatment cases, showed the lowest calcium sulfate scale potential and this potential decreases with the % pretreatment. The scale amount increases very slightly with concentration times when the SP and NF product is desalinated by RO step. http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-edc31944-4594-4023-ba0a-d74321bce0c7